FIPS code 51590 is Danville city, Virginia. With a population of 42,507 (2022 ACS estimate), it ranks #42 in Virginia and #1142 nationally. Danville city is part of the Danville, VA. The state FIPS code for Virginia is 51. This code is used in Census Bureau, BLS, EPA, HUD, and USDA federal datasets to identify this county.
County FIPS
51590
Population
42,507
2022 ACS · #1142 nationally
Density
990.2/mi²
people per sq mile
Land Area
43
sq miles
Urban/Rural
Nonmetro — urban 20K+, adjacent to metro
RUCC 4
How This FIPS Code Works
The 5-digit FIPS code 51590 is formed by combining the 2-digit state identifier 51 (Virginia) with the 3-digit county identifier 590. Together they uniquely identify Danville city in every US federal dataset. No two counties share the same 5-digit FIPS code.
Census ACS Data for FIPS 51590
From the 2022 ACS 5-year estimates — the same values you'd retrieve by querying the Census API with county FIPS 51590.
Median Household Income
$41,484
ACS B19013_001E
Poverty Rate
25.3%
ACS B17001 (below poverty level)
Median Age
41.0
ACS B01002_001E
Metropolitan Area
Adjacent Counties (2)
Counties that share a border with Danville city. Useful for regional analysis — these are the geographies you'd typically include when studying labor markets, commuting zones, or environmental spillovers around FIPS 51590.
Federal Datasets Using Code 51590
FIPS code 51590 appears as the county identifier in the following federal datasets. Analysts joining data across these sources use this code as the common geographic key.
Using FIPS Code 51590 in Code
Common patterns for querying federal datasets by this county's FIPS code. The leading zeros are significant — always treat FIPS codes as strings, not integers.
import requests
url = "https://api.census.gov/data/2022/acs/acs5"
params = {
"get": "NAME,B19013_001E,B01003_001E",
"for": "county:590",
"in": "state:51",
"key": "YOUR_CENSUS_API_KEY",
}
r = requests.get(url, params=params)
data = r.json() # [[header...], [Danville city, Virginia, income, pop, ...]-- 5-digit combined FIPS (state + county)
SELECT * FROM your_table WHERE county_fips = '51590';
-- Some datasets store state and county separately
SELECT * FROM your_table
WHERE state_fips = '51'
AND county_fips = '590';
-- ⚠ Never cast to integer — leading zeros are lost:
-- county_fips = 51590 is WRONG for this countylibrary(tidycensus)
get_acs(
geography = "county",
variables = c(income = "B19013_001E", pop = "B01003_001E"),
state = "51",
county = "590",
year = 2022
)ZIP Codes in Danville city
ZIP codes do not align perfectly with county boundaries — a single ZIP code can span multiple counties, and a county can contain parts of many ZIP codes. The ratios below (from the Census 2020 ZCTA relationship file) show the land area share of each ZCTA that falls within Danville city. Why FIPS ≠ ZIP →
| ZIP Code | % in county |
|---|---|
| 24541 | 34.1% |
| 24540 | 22.9% |